Largest Bacteria: Thiomargarita Magnifica

Bacteria are one of the tiny creatures found on the earth. They are usually microscopic that are not visible to the naked eye. But, in a recent discovery, scientists found the largest bacteria equal to the size and shape of eyelashes. They found the largest bacteria in the water of the Caribbean mangrove swamp. These are the largest bacteria ever found. In addition, it is thousands of times larger than the well-known bacteria of the intestine, E-Coli. Scientists named this bacteria Thiomargarita Magnifica. The literal meaning of this name is sulfur pearl. Structure of the largest bacteria: This largest bacteria contains a complex structural organization with quite a predictable life cycle. This, Thiomargarita Magnifica, is about five thousand times larger than the other microscopic bacteria. A closer and more detailed examination revealed the structure of this largest bacteria. Normally, bacteria contain freely floating DNA inside the cells. Whereas, in contrast, this largest bacteria contains well-organized DNA inside the compartments of the cells. In addition, these compartments are properly bounded by the membrane. Moreover, this largest bacteria contains about three times more genes as compared to other bacteria. It also contains hundreds of thousands of copies of the genome that are widely spread through every cell. There are about 12 million base pairs in the form of a genome. It replicates by the constriction of one end before the splitting of the cell into two. This property makes this largest bacteria more co How do these largest bacteria generate energy? Researchers state that these largest bacteria possess bizarre and complicated structures. It possesses different membranes with every membrane containing compartments. These compartments are attached to the membrane. Scientists call these compartments peppins. Some of these compartments are helpful in generating energy for bacterial metabolism. These largest bacteria can trap energy in the form of nitrates and other chemicals. Thiomargarita Magnifica also has several other compartments resembling human nuclei. In contrast to other nuclei, every compartment of these largest bacteria contains a loop of DNA. Moreover, every peppin also has multiple structural factories to generate several building proteins from DNA. Every Peppin produced special proteins necessary in its own region. In addition, there are several tiny cells inside every cell. These largest bacteria contain enough supply of DNA to generate proteins. These proteins are also helpful to make these largest bacteria grow bigger than the others. How do these largest bacteria divide to replicate? There is a typical method of reproduction for bacteria. Usually, bacteria divide into two twin cells to reproduce. In contrast, these larger, filament-like bacteria prefer budding for reproduction. They bud off in a way to produce a small bud at one end of the parent cell. The smaller bud can then float away from the parent cell creating a totally new and largest bacteria. Largest bacteria secreting antibiotics Thiomargarita Magnifica is the largest bacterial species. It is thought that it may contain thousands of smaller bacteria on its outer surfaces due to its enormously bigger size. Researchers state that these bacterial surfaces look pristine. This term suggests that these largest bacteria may secrete some kind of antibiotics to get rid of the smaller bacteria. Significance of these largest bacteria The largest bacteria, Thiomargarita Magnifica, belongs to a species of gammaproteobacteria that oxidizes sulfur. These are filament shaped and the largest known bacteria. Their length varies from 10mm to 20mm. They also contain sulfur granules appearing as pearls when light falls on these largest bacteria. The discovery of the largest bacteria is very important. As it bl3nds the difference between the prokaryotes, primitive single-celled organisms with no nucleus, and eukaryotes. In contrast, Thiomargarita Magnifica being the largest bacteria and belonging to prokaryotes contains cellular membranes that encapsulate the DNA loops. Whereas, the other bacteria contain freely floating DNA as genetic material. Conclusion Recently, scientists discovered the largest bacteria visible through the naked eye. Usually, bacteria come under the heading of microbes. But these largest bacteria, measuring in centimeters, equal to the size of eyelashes, are unable to follow the category of microbes. These largest bacteria range more than the length of 9000 micrometers almost equal to a centimeter. In addition, these cells have the capability to grow larger than the theoretical knowledge. These largest bacteria have several membrane-bounded compartments named peppins. These peppins contain well-organized loops of DNA with hundreds of thousands of genome copies. Its structure offers great complexity as compared to other bacteria. In addition, these bacteria generate their energy in the form of nitrates stored in the compartments. Moreover, they have the capability to produce proteins from their DNA. These proteins are helpful for these largest bacteria to grow bigger than the other bacteria. Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Who discovered these largest bacteria, Thiomargarita Magnifica? A molecular biologist, Silvina Gonzalez-Rizzo investigated these microbes and labeled the largest bacteria as the Thiomargarita family. Because the bacteria belonging to the Thiomargarita family use sulfur to grow. This research was rejected by the journal because of a lack of information. But after this, a young researcher, Jean-Marie Volland, examined the bacteria and managed to get enough information. Why is the Thiomargarita family so larger than the other? Thiomargarita bacteria usually produce in sediments, joining each sediment to grow larger and larger. Moreover, it also depends on the nitrate to grow larger. Usually, they extract nitrates during occasional storms dripping nitrate-rich water.

Monkeypox in India: First case reported in Kerala

The first case of Monkeypox in India has been reported from Kerala. Monkeypox is a zoonotic virus that is usually from animals to humans in different ways. Its symptoms are usually similar to the symptoms of the smallpox virus. After the complete cessation of the smallpox virus in 1980, the monkeypox virus emerged as an orthopoxvirus among the public communities of Central and West Africa. Different cases of monkeypox were reported in different years but not as an outbreak. Nobody bothered about the presence of these few cases. But, in May 2022, multiple cases of monkeypox were reported in different countries that are non-endemic. Multiple researchers are still investigating the epidemiology, source, and transmission pathways. Considering the facts, India reported its first confirmed case of monkeypox. The first case of monkeypox in India is reported in Kerala. A 35-year-old man showed symptoms of the monkeypox virus with a history of travel to the Middle East. A multidisciplinary team was sent to the southern state of Kerala to investigate the confirmed case of monkeypox. The Middle East region has been on red alert for Monkeypox. Countries with a high risk of monkeypox are taking appropriate measures to detect the monkeypox virus. In addition, they are also taking precautionary measures to prevent the transmission or spread of the monkeypox virus from one to another. In this article, we are going to discuss about the topic below Open How is the Monkeypox virus transmitted from one person to another? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), monkeypox can transmit from infected animals to humans via direct or indirect contact. Whereas, transmission from human to human occurs in different ways. Monkeypox virus can transmit from one person to another through contact with infected skin lesions, face to face, skin to skin, or respiratory droplets. In countries with monkeypox virus confirmed cases and monkeypox outbreak alerts, the transmission of monkeypox virus occurs through intimate close contact including sexual contact. Moreover, the transmission of Monkeypox in India can also occur through contaminated linens, beddings, clothing, electronics, or any other infected skin particles or materials. What is the medical condition of the patient suffering from the monkeypox virus? According to the State’s health minister Veena George, the patient has been isolated at a hospital. In addition, the patient is stable with normal vital signs. Moreover, he asked to be on alert for all districts. He also said the patient’s parents and his primary contacts have been isolated. Moreover, the 11 passengers, who contacted him on his flight, are also asked for symptoms of monkeypox. Protective measures are being taken to stop the transmission of Monkeypox in India. What are the common signs and symptoms of monkeypox in India? The incubation period for monkeypox in India varies from 6 to 13 days. It means that this virus can take about 6 to 13 days to manifest its symptoms from the infection time. The infection phase is divided into two periods. Invasion period – It lasts between 0 to 5 days with symptoms of fever, intense headaches, lymphadenopathy, back pain, myalgia, and intense asthenia (decreased energy). Lymphadenopathy is the diagnostic feature of this disease. Skin eruptions – after 1 to 3 days of fever, skin rashes tend to appear on different parts of the body. These skin lesions are usually more apparent on the face and extremities. It affects the face in 95% of cases. Whereas, there are different prevalence of skin lesions on different parts of the body. ● Palms of the hands and soles of the feet – 75% of cases ● Oral mucous membranes – 70% of cases ● Genitalia – 30% of cases ● Conjunctiva and cornea – 20% of cases What kind of rashes appears on the skin with the monkeypox virus? The skin rashes start appearing in the form of macules. Macules are flat base lesions. These macules further develop to form papules which are raised firm lesions. These papules turn into vesicles filled with clear fluid. Ultimately, these vesicles turn into pustules filled with yellowish fluid or pus. In the limiting stage, these vesicles become dried, forming crusts. The number of these lesions varies from a few to several thousand skin lesions. There may be multiple smaller lesions joining to form larger lesions, sloughing off the skin. These are a few skin problems that can be seen in the cases of Monkeypox in India. Monkeypox on Chest What is the treatment plan for the monkeypox virus? Usually, the symptoms of the monkeypox virus subside after 2 to 4 weeks. There may be severe cases of monkeypox in India among children depending on the exposure and nature of the complications. Vaccination against smallpox offered a protective barrier in the past for the monkeypox virus too. There is no such probable treatment regimen for the monkeypox virus. There is no management plan other than the prevention of the monkeypox virus. Frequently asked questions (FAQs) How can we prevent monkeypox from spreading? There are different ways to protect yourself and others from the monkeypox virus. Some of them are as follows: ● Minimizing the contact with infected persons ● Avoid unprotected contact with wild sick or dead animals ● All food containing meat should be properly cooked before eating. Is there any cure available for the monkeypox virus? No, there is no such specific treatment available for monkeypox in India or anywhere else. Antiviral drugs may show some efficacy to treat the symptoms of the monkeypox virus. But, there is no such research available.

10 Most Expensive liquids on Earth: Names and Prices

Do you also want to know about expensive liquids on earth? Do you only think about diamonds as something really expensive in this term? Talking about expensive things, the first thought that comes to our mind is related to diamonds or gold. People usually don’t value liquids as the most expensive liquids on earth. They don’t quantify liquids in terms of price. There are several liquids that are the most expensive liquids on earth. Let us take a deep dive to know more about the expensive liquids on earth in detail. This article explains different expensive liquids on earth, measured in gallons. What are different expensive liquids on earth? There are different kinds of expensive liquids on earth. We’ll explore these expensive liquids in an ascending order to enhance your interest with every next option. Gamma hydroxybutyric acid – costs about 2600 dollars per gallon Black printer ink – costs about 2700 dollars per gallon Mercury – costs about 3400 dollars per gallon Insulin – costs about 9400 dollars per gallon Chanel No. 5 – costs about 26,000 dollars per gallon Horseshoe Crab Blood – costs about 60,000 dollars per gallon Lysergic acid Diethylamide – costs about 123,000 dollars per gallon Thailand Cobra Venom – costs about 153,000 dollars per gallon Scorpion venom – costs about 39,000,000 dollars per gallon Zolgensma – costs about 2.1 million dollars per dose Let us go more in detail to understand their importance as expensive liquids on earth. 1. Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid acts as a neurotransmitter that depresses the central nervous system. It is also known as a club drug. It is usually found in the brain and different other areas of the body. It is used as a general anesthetic agent and also for the management of narcolepsy and alcoholism. Which thing makes it an expensive liquid? It is usually synthesized illegally in foreign and domestic labs. In addition, it is also used among athletes to enhance their performance illegally. For the treatment of narcolepsy, alcohol intake disorder, and opioid withdrawal, it is approved by FDA for the prescription purpose. 2. Black Printer Ink Ink is used commonly for drawing, printing, and writing. It is a combination of both organic and inorganic pigments dissolved in any chemical solvent. You need to use black ink for several purposes. Importance Black ink is formed by combining varnish and carbon Black. It contains several waxes, lubricants, pigments, and drying agents. These are crushed evenly and distributed throughout the solvent which makes it heat resistant. These all features make the black printer ink fall among the most expensive liquids on earth. 3. Mercury Mercury is found naturally in the environment in the form of ore cinnabar or mercury sulfide. It is a silvery-white material with a poor conductor of heat and a fair conductor of electricity. Why is it so expensive? Mercury stays liquid even at room temperature. It can be used as a contact material for electric switches. It is also used in the medicine and dental department making it important. Mercury liquid should be handled with care because of extreme toxic side effects. 4. Insulin Normally, insulin is produced by the pancreas in the human body. It regulates the blood glucose levels maintaining the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. If your body is unable to produce insulin, you may need to take it from outside sources. Why is it so expensive? Insulin price tags have tripled in the past few years. Insulin is expensive because of its increased demand in diabetic patients. In addition, there are only a few manufacturers available making insulin the most expensive liquid on earth. 5. Chanel No. 5: Chanel No. 5 is one of the most expensive perfumes and liquids on earth. Why is it so expensive? Chanel No. 5 is expensive because it is extracted from the rare flower petal belonging to the flower-aldehyde group. 6. Horseshoe Crab Blood The blood of Horseshoe Crab blood is extracted in larger quantities. Their blood doesn’t contain hemoglobin. But, it contains hemocyanin and copper making the blood bright blue. Why is it so expensive? Horseshoe Crab blood contains vital immune cells that are sensitive to bacteria. These cells clot when the blood comes into contact with bacteria protecting the blood from toxins. In addition, it is also used to test vaccines. 7. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Lysergic acid diethylamide is found in ergot fungus. It is extra red illegally in different laboratories. Why is it so expensive? Lysergic acid diethylamide is a potential mood-changing chemical that requires special technical skills to extract, making it the most expensive liquid on earth. 8. Thailand Cobra Venom Cobra is the largest and the most venomous snake on earth. With just one bit, it can kill a fully grown elephant. Why is it so expensive? Cobra Venom has been used to treat different kinds of body pains for the past many years. It is considered an aphrodisiac. In addition, it is used to manage excessive bleeding during surgery, cure breast tumors and Parkinson’s diseases, and anti-aging treatment. These features make the Cobra Venom fall among the most expensive liquids on earth. 9. Scorpion Venom Scorpion venom is one of the most expensive liquids on earth. Scorpions usually prey with their venom paralyzing the opponent. They also use their venom as a defensive agent against predators. In addition, Scorpion venom acts as a neurotoxin affecting the nervous system. The most lethal species of Scorpion is the deathstalker. Why is it so expensive? It requires a lot of effort to extract scorpion venom by hand. Every scorpion produced about 2mg of venom at a time. There are different proteins present in the scorpion venom that are used to treat multiple medical conditions like ● Inflammatory bowel disease ● Multiple sclerosis ● Rheumatoid arthritis ● Certain cancers In addition, it contains several chemicals or peptides that stimulate cell death by producing spores in the cell membranes. These peptides have antimicrobial properties and anticancer effects. Moreover, researchers also find it useful to treat brain tumors. 10. Zolgensma Zolgensma is used to treat neuromuscular disorders like spinal muscular atrophy. Why is it so expensive? It requires a lot of effort and research to produce this revolutionary drug. This makes it the most expensive liquid on earth Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Why are these liquids expensive on earth? These liquids are expensive because of their importance. These liquids serve as revolutionary agents to have a strong impact on human life. Some of these liquids act as a treatment for several medical conditions. Is it easy to extract these expensive liquids on earth? No, it requires special skills and research to produce these expensive liquids. These things make it an expensive liquid on earth.

Monkeypox Outbreak 2022

Monkeypox outbreak is something most people are concerned nowadays. The United States is currently experiencing an outbreak of a new and highly contagious zoonotic disease, Monkeypox. The first cases were reported in late 2002 in Ohio and Indiana Midwestern states. Since then, more than 100 human cases are confirmed with at least one death. Monkeypox is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus family Poxviridae. This virus was originally isolated from African green monkeys but has since been found in other species, including rodents, shrews, bats, and humans. Human infection occurs when direct contact with infected animals or bodily fluids results in mucocutaneous lesions. In rare instances, the infection of Monkeypox outbreak may result in severe complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever. The incubation period for this disease ranges from 2 to 10 days. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, myalgias, malaise, and rash. Other less frequent manifestations include lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and cough. There is no specific treatment for Monkeypox; however, supportive care is usually sufficient. Prevention of exposure to wild rodents and other mammals is critical. If you suspect you have come into contact with a potentially infectious animal, immediately wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, mouth, or any cuts on your skin. Do not go near sick animals. Report suspected cases of Monkeypox to your local health department. What Is Monkeypox outbreak? Monkeys are the natural host of Monkeypox. They carry the virus in their fur and excrete it through their saliva. Humans become infected when they touch contaminated objects or surfaces and then touch their eyes, noses, mouths, or open wounds. Once inside the body, the virus multiplies rapidly and can cause serious illness. Symptoms appear about 7-14 days after exposure. The initial signs of infection include fever, chills, fatigue, muscle aches, headaches, and swollen glands. These symptoms last for several weeks and often resolve without medical intervention. However, if untreated, the virus can spread throughout the body, causing pneumonia, encephalitis (brain inflammation), and even death. This makes the monkeypox outbreak dangerous. How Does It Spread? Monkeypox is transmitted primarily through close contact with infected animals or materials containing their secretions. Infected people shed viruses in their respiratory tract, urine, faeces, and blood. Contaminated clothing, bedding, and equipment also pose a risk for transmission. Animals do not show clinical signs until approximately 5-7 days after exposure to the virus. They begin to develop small red bumps around the mouth, nose, eyes, ears, and their secretions. For example, people who work around petting zoos, feed exotic animals or handle dead or sick animals are at risk of contracting the disease. People also become infected when they touch items contaminated with the virus. For instance, veterinarians who treat sick animals or zoo workers who clean cages and enclosures are at high risk of acquiring the disease. The virus can be transmitted from person to person via aerosolized particles produced during coughing or sneezing. This aids to the monkeypox outbreak. Why Are We Concerned About This Disease? The recent Monkeypox outbreak in the Midwest has raised concerns because it represents the first time this disease has been seen outside Africa. Although the disease has been known to occur in Africa for many years, it had never before been documented in North America. Furthermore, the fact that this disease has now appeared in two different regions suggests that it could easily spread to other parts of the country. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that there are between 1 million and 3 million cases of Monkeypox outbreak each year worldwide. Of these, approximately 500 deaths occur annually. Because of its potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality, Monkeypox should be considered a public health threat. What Should I Do? If you think you might have contracted Monkeypox, call your doctor right away. Your physician will want to know whether you have recently travelled out of the country, where you went, what you did while there, how long you stayed, and whether you came in contact with animals or wildlife. You should also tell your doctor if you: Have any rashes on your skin Had contact with an animal or wild animal Worked near animals or wildlife Were bitten by an insect Traveled to areas where Monkeypox occurs If you think you may have come into contact with someone infected with Monkeypox, ask them to see their doctor immediately. Tell your doctor about the above information to determine whether further testing is needed. In addition, you should wear protective gloves and wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after touching potentially contaminated objects or coming in contact with anyone diagnosed with Monkeypox. You must be concerned regarding what to do in monkeypox outbreak. What Can Be Done To Prevent Transmission? There is no vaccine available for Monkeypox. Therefore, prevention relies upon limiting human exposure to the virus. If you think you might have been exposed to Monkeypox outbreak, take steps to avoid infection. These include avoiding direct contact with animals and wild animals, washing your hands frequently, and wearing protective gloves and masks when working around animals or wildlife. Diagnosis of Monkeypox There is currently no test available to diagnose Monkeypox. Instead, doctors rely on symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, cough, and rash. A sample of fluid taken from the patient’s throat or nasal passages may be sent to a laboratory for analysis. However, results usually take several days to return. Vaccines The CDC recommends that people at high risk for contracting Monkeypox receive a vaccination against the disease. This includes healthcare workers, veterinarians, zoo employees, and those who work closely with animals and wildlife. People who live in rural areas or travel to places where Monkeypox outbreak occurs should also consider getting vaccinated. Preventing Monkeypox Although there is no cure for Monkeypox, there are ways to prevent the disease. Avoiding contact with wild animals is one way to protect yourself from the monkeypox outbreak. Also, don’t let children play with animals or pets without supervision. Children under 5 years old should not handle animals or pet zoos. Adults over 65 should avoid contact with sick animals. Therapeutics Treatment for Monkeypox depends on the severity of the illness. The most common treatment is supportive care, which involves treating symptoms like fever, pain, and loss of appetite. Antibiotics are used to treat secondary infections caused by bacteria. Other medications may be prescribed depending on the type of infection. For example, antiviral drugs may be given to patients who develop pneumonia. Supportive care facilities must be well-maintained in the regions of monkeypox outbreak. Monkeypox Symptoms Symptoms of Monkeypox include fever, headache, muscle pains, fatigue, coughing, and a skin rash. Some people will only experience some of these symptoms, while others may experience more severe symptoms of monkeypox outbreak A new study published in Science Advances reveals how a deadly Ebola virus spreads through the air. Researchers found that airborne virus transmission is possible. Still, it requires close physical contact between an infected person and another. A new study published in Nature Communications shows that the Ebola virus can spread through the air via small droplets expelled during sneezes and coughs. The findings suggest that airborne transmission of the Ebola virus could occur in enclosed spaces, including hospitals and airplanes. Infectious Disease News reports that the World Health Organization (WHO) recently announced that the number of cases of Ebola had surpassed 10,000. According to WHO figures, 11,310 cases of Ebola and 4,918 deaths were attributed to the outbreak. In addition, there are now 2,849 suspected cases of Ebola. Monkeypox outbreak Causes Several factors contribute to the spread of this disease: The reservoir of the virus is unknown. The incubation period for the disease is long. The virus is highly contagious. The disease is easily transmitted from human to human. The disease is fatal if left untreated. Monkeypox Treatment Although there is currently no cure for the monkeypox outbreak, treatments are available to help manage the disease. These treatments depend on the severity of the patient’s condition. For mild cases, the primary goal is to relieve symptoms such as fever, chills, body aches, and headaches. Patients with moderate or severe symptoms should receive antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections. Antiviral drugs may also be administered to reduce viral replication and speed recovery. However, antivirals cannot treat patients who already have developed complications from the infection. Treatment for Monkeypox Complications If you develop any signs or symptoms of the monkeypox outbreak, seek medical attention immediately. If your doctor suspects you have contracted the disease, they will likely order blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. Complications from the disease can include pneumonia, encephalitis, meningitis, myocarditis, hepatitis, and kidney failure. Conclusion The Monkeypox outbreak has become a major public health concern in West Africa. Although there is no known cure for the disease, treatments are available for its management. Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs) What is the difference between Ebola and Monkeypox? Ebola is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Zaire ebolavirus. This virus is named after the river, which was discovered in 1976. Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the variola genus of pox viruses. It is similar to smallpox but much less deadly. How does one get infected with Monkeypox? Monkeypox is usually acquired through contact with infected animals or bodily fluids. The most common animal reservoirs are rodents. Is there a vaccine against Monkeypox? Yes, a vaccine called Mpvax, which protects people against both smallpox and Monkeypox. What are the symptoms of Monkeypox? Symptoms of Monkeypox include high fever, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, cough, and rash. Are there other diseases like Monkeypox? Yes. Smallpox is another serious disease caused by the Variola genus of poxviruses. Like Monkeypox, it is a zoonotic virus.

Novel Langya Virus Hits China

A wave of threat started emerging among the people of China as the novel Langya virus hits China. People are still facing the after-effects of COVID-19 pandemic for the past two years. Moreover, there is also a fear from the outbreak of the monkeypox virus in different countries. Researchers are controlling the spread of this novel Langya virus in China. Dozens of cases were reported in China for the obvious investigation of this virus. In this article, we are going to discuss about the topic below Open Epidemiology of novel Langya virus: This novel Langya virus was first identified in 2018 in the northeastern areas of Shandong. At that time, nobody bothered about this virus. But, this virus was officially identified last week, when a sudden surge in the cases arises in China. According to the Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, patients with reported symptoms of fever and history of animal contact in eastern China. They were properly investigated by health officials as a part of the health surveillance project. After investigating the throat swabs of different patients, the researchers confirmed the presence of the virus in 35 people, farmers commonly. What is the Langya virus? Phylogenetically, the novel Langya virus belongs to the distinct Henipavirus (LayV). It is a zoonotic RNA virus that can be transferred from animal to human contact. The previous known types of Henipavirus are: Hendra virus Nipah virus Cedar virus Mojiang virus Ghanaian Bat virus From the above-mentioned viruses, only Hendra and Nipah can cause different infectious diseases among humans. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this family of the viruses is highly dangerous with Nipah having a fatality rate of about 40-75 percent. This fatality rate is much higher than the previous death rate for COVID-19. There is no such clear evidence regarding the fatality rate of the Langya virus, as a lack of research. Most of the patients suffering from this virus reported with mild flu-like symptoms. Henipavirus is usually multiplied by pteropid fruit bats. Other studies also report the presence of henipavirus in bats, shrews, and rodents. What are the common symptoms associated with this virus? Patients suffering from the Langya virus appeared with a complex of symptoms. The most common symptoms are: Fever – all 35 infected patients experienced fever Body fatigue – 54% of patients reported with this symptom Loss of appetite – 50% of patients reported with this symptom. Muscle pain – 46% of patients affected by this symptom Cough – This symptom affected 50% of the patients. Nausea – 38% of the patients come with this nausea and vomiting like symptom. Headache and vomiting – 35% of the patients experienced these symptoms. Patients also exhibit different blood cell abnormalities with kidney and liver damage. Besides having all these symptoms, none of the death cases were reported among the patients. How is this virus found? This novel Langya virus is spotted through the surveillance testing process of people suffering from the fever. Researchers investigated the cause of this fever. And, compiling the result, it leads to the identification of the virus. What is the route of transmission for this virus? As the virus is of zoonotic origin. The most common pathway of transmission for the Langya virus is through animal to human contact. Researchers reported the spread of this virus is sporadic. Scientists explored the genome of the virus among 25 species of wild animals being surveyed. The genome of this virus is found commonly in about 27 percent of the 262 examined shrews. This indicates that animals are the natural harboring point for this virus. According to the Chinese scientists, there is no such case report of transmission of the virus from the infected humans to other humans. How can we treat the infection caused by it? There is no such treatment available for the management of the infection caused by Langya virus. Moreover, there are no vaccines available for henipavirus among humans. Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Can Langya virus transmit from human to human contact? There is no such case reported from the patients that this virus can transmit from one person to another. But after declaring that, scientists also stated that our sample size was too small to identify the status for human to human spread of LayV or Langya virus. What is the leading cause for the spread of this novel Langya virus? The only leading cause for the spread of the virus is contact with animals. As scientists reported that animals can be the natural reservoir for this virus.

virus in tomato in india latest news

What are the common symptoms of the tomato flu virus? India reported almost 82 cases of the tomato flu virus. Just after the sudden appearance of these cases as sudden events, researchers dictated this virus as the tomato flu outbreak in India. There are specific symptoms associated with this virus. Moreover, this virus commonly affects children of age lower than 5 years. Let us have a look at the common symptoms of the tomato flu virus to diagnose the situation in a better way. Some of the primary symptoms are as follows: High-grade fever Severe pain in joints Rashes or blisters on the body Body aches Fatigue There are several other secondary symptoms associated with the tomato flu virus. These are as follows: Swelling in the joints Diarrhea Nausea Dehydration Various studies suggest these symptoms have close relevance to dengue fever. As dengue fever also manifests itself with the same signs and symptoms. How can we diagnose this tomato flu virus? As the symptoms are quite similar to dengue and COVID-19, patients suffering from these symptoms have to undergo different diagnostic tests. They have to undergo various molecular and serological tests to clear dengue, Zika, varicella-zoster, chikungunya, and herpes virus. After ruling out the positive chances of these viruses, the diagnosis of the tomato flu virus is confirmed. How can we prevent the transmission of the tomato flu virus? Preventive measures are necessary to avoid the spread of the tomato flu virus. As this virus can transmit by close contact. There is a list of different ways to prevent the spread of the tomato flu virus. Let us have a look at different precautionary measures to break the chain of transmission of the tomato flu virus. Take proper hygiene measures and sanitation methods to prevent transmission. Proper medical attention is mandatory to prevent the spread of this virus.

latest news virus in tomato

Medical experts revealed new reports regarding the tomato flu outbreak in India. Several studies and investigations proved 82 cases of tomato flu or tomato fever from the first appearance of the virus in Kerala on May 6, 2022. Just before the emergence of the fourth wave of coronavirus, researchers also warned about the tomato flu outbreak in India as an emergency. Tomato flu is a rare viral infection and appears in an endemic form. It is quite non-life-threatening after the consequences of COVID-19. This tomato flu virus commonly targets young children aged one to five years. Moreover, this virus can also affect immunocompromised adults and aged people. It is considered one of the variants of hand, foot, and mouth disease. Studies of some cases suggest that hand, foot, and mouth disease can also affect immunocompetent adults. What is the tomato flu virus? The Tomato flu virus was first reported in Kerala on May 6, 2022. Tomato flu virus exhibits the same respiratory symptoms just like COVID-19. But different studies suggest that this virus does not show any similarity with the COVID-19 virus. This tomato flu virus mostly affected children under age 5. It is a rare viral infection causing painful red blisters over the torso and extremities. Different scientists indicate its resemblance to hand, foot, and mouth disease. The Tomato flu virus is not as dangerous as COVID-19. But, it is a highly infectious disease requiring proper management to break the chain of this tomato flu outbreak in India. Younger children are at higher risk of exposure to the tomato flu virus. This virus requires proper management to prevent its spread of this virus. Otherwise, this virus may lead to fatal consequences like COVID-19.vir