Medical latest news The First Pig Heart Transplant Patient Died Two Months After The Surgical Procedure

The latest human to undergo a heart transplant from a genetically modified pig died two months following the surgical procedure, according to the medical center that performed the transplant. As shown in a statement from University health Services, “David Bennett, 57, with heart problems, received his transplant on 7th of January, 2022, and died on 8th of March, 2022.” Bennett went into surgery at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in January (UMSOM). However, the hospital reported on Tuesday that David Bennett had died. His health had been worsening for the last several days, according to medics, although no specific mortality has been determined. Before getting the pig heart that had been genetically engineered, Bennett required mechanical assistance to survive, but instead was turned down for a basic heart transplant at the University of Maryland Medical Center and also other hospitals. But there was a reason for celebration when the transplantation of a pig’s heart claimed to rescue Mr. Bennett’s existence. Mr. Bennett claimed to be improving for weeks, and indeed the Maryland medical institution kept track of his newest actions. The hospital uploaded a video showing him watching the Super Bowl and barely singing together with the national anthem in late February. The transplanted pig heart worked admirably for a few weeks after surgery, showing no symptoms of rejections. Bennett was able to spend some time with his relatives while also participating in physical therapy that helps him restore his health. Before the January transplantation, the patient had been admitted to the hospital and bedridden over several months, relying on such a heart-lung bypass system to sustain life. The patient, who has been stated to be struggling with life-threatening arrhythmia, was left with no other alternative except to undergo a heart transplant. According to his medical information, he was judged unsuitable for standard heart surgery at the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) and other prominent transplantation centers. The patient explains, “It could either pass away or just do the surgical operation.” I’d like to survive. I realize it’s a risk, but it is my final option. I’m eager to even get out of bed once I’ve recovered.” Before even the procedure, Bennett stated. He was provided appropriate medical treatment when it was evident that he’d never survive, but he was able to interact with his relatives throughout his dying moments. Condolences and contributions of Bennett before his death. He was provided appropriate medical treatment when it was evident that he’d never survive, but he was able to interact with his relatives throughout his dying moments. First Pig Heart Transplant Patient Died “Mr. Bennett’s death has left us heartbroken. But he also was a valiant and heroic man that fought through till the end. We express our sincerest condolences to his family and friends.” Bartley P. Griffith, MD, the primary surgeon who performed the transplant, said in a message. MuhammadM.Mohiuddin,theMD,directorofthecardiacxenotransplantationprogramatUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicinepraisedthedeceasedforhisdistinctiveandhistoricalsignificanceroleincontributingtoawiderangeofreasoningtotheresearchareaofxenotransplantation,”whichistheprocedureoftransplantingorgansystemsamongvariousorganisms. Bennett survived significantly longer with such a genetic mutation pig heart than Baby Fae, a sickly California infant who survived 3 weeks with a baboon’s heart in 1984, amongst the most significant xenotransplantation accomplishments. One such time, specialists removed pig genes that cause hyper-fast rejections and replaced them with human ones to help the body tolerate the transplant. On December 31, 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration gave emergency approval for the operation under its extended accessibility (sympathetic care) provision in the interest of saving the person’s life. Comments from Doctors “This groundbreaking surgery gets us one step closer to understanding the organ shortage situation,” said Bartley Griffith, director of the medical center’s heart transplant unit, who also performed the procedure. He was reported as saying, “There might be certainly not quite sufficient donor human hearts ready to match the enormous list of potential receivers.” The medical center announced in a statement three days after the surgical procedure that “the experimental treatment revealed for the very first time that a genetically engineered animal heart may operate as a human heart without instant rejections by the body.” “We have learned priceless information knowing that now the genetically engineered pig heart may operate well inside the human body while the immune response is appropriately subdued,” Mohiuddin added, using Bennett as an illustration. “This is the very first moment a pig organ was already implanted into a person, so we’ll be capable of answering numerous queries raised after thoroughly reviewing the data.” Several new pieces of knowledge will be released, which will help the subject advance more quickly.” “We remain hopeful,” he stated, “and we want to continue our research in clinical studies.” Dr. Robert Montgomery of NYU Langone Health, a transplant specialist who underwent his heart transplant, remarked, “This would be the first approach into new territory.” As researchers at many transplant hospitals arrange the initial clinical studies, “a vast amount of knowledge” will assist in the following phases. This was a remarkable achievement that he survived for two months and was able to spend time with his relatives,” Montgomery remarked. Words from David Bennett’s son Bennett’s son, David Jr., commended the hospital for performing the surgical procedure to preserve his father’s life and then said his family believed it really would help resolve a transplant organ shortage. Bennett’s son also thanked the “amazing doctors” at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the University of Maryland Medical Center for giving his dad a “better chance of survival.” Bennett Jr. said, “We were able to spend several valuable periods together when he managed to recover from the transplant procedure, weeks we might not have had if it hadn’t been for this extraordinary endeavor.” “We certainly hope that this report gained from his procedure will be useful to future patients.””And maybe, one day, we will be able to put an end to the organ scarcity that claims so many lives every year,” he stated. Comments on the Procedure outcome The methodology sparked optimism that enhanced cross-species organ transplants might one day focus on solving the persistent lack of human organ systems readily accessible for donation, and the team actually behind it remains positive about the operation’s prospects. “Understanding that the genetically engineered pig heart may operate properly inside the body system when the human body is appropriately subdued has given us vital knowledge.” “We remain hopeful,” said Muhammad Mohiuddin, general manager of the university’s cardiac xenotransplantation program. “We intend to continue our work in clinical studies.” The next challenge would be whether researchers have learned not enough from Bennett’s experiences and other recent studies with gene-edited pig organs to encourage the FDA to permit a research study with an organ that is not instantly devastating if it malfunctions, such as a kidney. The demand for additional organs is enormous. Last year, over 41,000 transplants were conducted in the United States, a new high, including roughly 3,800 heart transplants. However, over 106,000 people remain on the global waiting list, hundreds die each year before receiving an organ, and countless more are never even placed on the list because it is regarded as too risky.

Medical latest news The First Pig Heart Transplant Patient Died Two Months After The Surgical Procedure

The latest human to undergo a heart transplant from a genetically modified pig died two months following the surgical procedure, according to the medical center that performed the transplant. As shown in a statement from University health Services, “David Bennett, 57, with heart problems, received his transplant on 7th of January, 2022, and died on 8th of March, 2022.” Bennett went into surgery at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in January (UMSOM). However, the hospital reported on Tuesday that David Bennett had died. His health had been worsening for the last several days, according to medics, although no specific mortality has been determined. Before getting the pig heart that had been genetically engineered, Bennett required mechanical assistance to survive, but instead was turned down for a basic heart transplant at the University of Maryland Medical Center and also other hospitals. But there was a reason for celebration when the transplantation of a pig’s heart claimed to rescue Mr. Bennett’s existence. Mr. Bennett claimed to be improving for weeks, and indeed the Maryland medical institution kept track of his newest actions. The hospital uploaded a video showing him watching the Super Bowl and barely singing together with the national anthem in late February. The transplanted pig heart worked admirably for a few weeks after surgery, showing no symptoms of rejections. Bennett was able to spend some time with his relatives while also participating in physical therapy that helps him restore his health. Before the January transplantation, the patient had been admitted to the hospital and bedridden over several months, relying on such a heart-lung bypass system to sustain life. The patient, who has been stated to be struggling with life-threatening arrhythmia, was left with no other alternative except to undergo a heart transplant. According to his medical information, he was judged unsuitable for standard heart surgery at the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) and other prominent transplantation centers. The patient explains, “It could either pass away or just do the surgical operation.” I’d like to survive. I realize it’s a risk, but it is my final option. I’m eager to even get out of bed once I’ve recovered.” Before even the procedure, Bennett stated. He was provided appropriate medical treatment when it was evident that he’d never survive, but he was able to interact with his relatives throughout his dying moments. Condolences and contributions of Bennett before his death. He was provided appropriate medical treatment when it was evident that he’d never survive, but he was able to interact with his relatives throughout his dying moments. First Pig Heart Transplant Patient Died “Mr. Bennett’s death has left us heartbroken. But he also was a valiant and heroic man that fought through till the end. We express our sincerest condolences to his family and friends.” Bartley P. Griffith, MD, the primary surgeon who performed the transplant, said in a message. MuhammadM.Mohiuddin,theMD,directorofthecardiacxenotransplantationprogramatUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicinepraisedthedeceasedforhisdistinctiveandhistoricalsignificanceroleincontributingtoawiderangeofreasoningtotheresearchareaofxenotransplantation,”whichistheprocedureoftransplantingorgansystemsamongvariousorganisms. Bennett survived significantly longer with such a genetic mutation pig heart than Baby Fae, a sickly California infant who survived 3 weeks with a baboon’s heart in 1984, amongst the most significant xenotransplantation accomplishments. One such time, specialists removed pig genes that cause hyper-fast rejections and replaced them with human ones to help the body tolerate the transplant. On December 31, 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration gave emergency approval for the operation under its extended accessibility (sympathetic care) provision in the interest of saving the person’s life. Comments from Doctors “This groundbreaking surgery gets us one step closer to understanding the organ shortage situation,” said Bartley Griffith, director of the medical center’s heart transplant unit, who also performed the procedure. He was reported as saying, “There might be certainly not quite sufficient donor human hearts ready to match the enormous list of potential receivers.” The medical center announced in a statement three days after the surgical procedure that “the experimental treatment revealed for the very first time that a genetically engineered animal heart may operate as a human heart without instant rejections by the body.” “We have learned priceless information knowing that now the genetically engineered pig heart may operate well inside the human body while the immune response is appropriately subdued,” Mohiuddin added, using Bennett as an illustration. “This is the very first moment a pig organ was already implanted into a person, so we’ll be capable of answering numerous queries raised after thoroughly reviewing the data.” Several new pieces of knowledge will be released, which will help the subject advance more quickly.” “We remain hopeful,” he stated, “and we want to continue our research in clinical studies.” Dr. Robert Montgomery of NYU Langone Health, a transplant specialist who underwent his heart transplant, remarked, “This would be the first approach into new territory.” As researchers at many transplant hospitals arrange the initial clinical studies, “a vast amount of knowledge” will assist in the following phases. This was a remarkable achievement that he survived for two months and was able to spend time with his relatives,” Montgomery remarked. Words from David Bennett’s son Bennett’s son, David Jr., commended the hospital for performing the surgical procedure to preserve his father’s life and then said his family believed it really would help resolve a transplant organ shortage. Bennett’s son also thanked the “amazing doctors” at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and the University of Maryland Medical Center for giving his dad a “better chance of survival.” Bennett Jr. said, “We were able to spend several valuable periods together when he managed to recover from the transplant procedure, weeks we might not have had if it hadn’t been for this extraordinary endeavor.” “We certainly hope that this report gained from his procedure will be useful to future patients.””And maybe, one day, we will be able to put an end to the organ scarcity that claims so many lives every year,” he stated. Comments on the Procedure outcome The methodology sparked optimism that enhanced cross-species organ transplants might one day focus on solving the persistent lack of human organ systems readily accessible for donation, and the team actually behind it remains positive about the operation’s prospects. “Understanding that the genetically engineered pig heart may operate properly inside the body system when the human body is appropriately subdued has given us vital knowledge.” “We remain hopeful,” said Muhammad Mohiuddin, general manager of the university’s cardiac xenotransplantation program. “We intend to continue our work in clinical studies.” The next challenge would be whether researchers have learned not enough from Bennett’s experiences and other recent studies with gene-edited pig organs to encourage the FDA to permit a research study with an organ that is not instantly devastating if it malfunctions, such as a kidney. The demand for additional organs is enormous. Last year, over 41,000 transplants were conducted in the United States, a new high, including roughly 3,800 heart transplants. However, over 106,000 people remain on the global waiting list, hundreds die each year before receiving an organ, and countless more are never even placed on the list because it is regarded as too risky.

medical latest news Auscultation World – Heart, Lung, & Bowel Sounds (Android Medical App)

The Rating Statistics graph illustrates how prominent the Auscultation world – Heart, Lung Sounds, Cardiac Murmurs has been in Google Play throughout the period. Each hour every day, you may monitor the progress of Auscultation – Heart, Lung Sounds, Cardiac Murmurs through various places, groups, and technologies. Auscultation world covers the fundamentals of heart auscultation and has an assessment and evaluation mode. The unavailability of much more than eight various cardiac signals and the unavailability of an Android platform are the app’s biggest drawbacks. Auscultation World In Detail Using the amazing combination of auscultation exercises, medical students and healthcare providers can develop their knowledge of heart and lung sounds that were documented in actual patients. The software requires both physiologic and pathologic heart sounds, which are emphasized with graphical phonocardiograms. Physicians and medical students can improve their diagnostics skills in cardiac tones, disturbances, and pulmonary sounds by listening to these brief sound snippets repeatedly. Hardly anything, ultimately, can replace medical experience. As a result, don’t ignore using your stethoscope on just a regular basis. Auscultation world will be a useful addition to your professional competence. Features Of Auscultation world Auscultation world is simple and clear to use. Sounds and imagery tips of the best standard For each heart frequency, there is a detailed written description. There are primer, comparison, and assessment settings included. A complete heart sound, audio clips, and sound-building capabilities are available. 3D heart visual effects that are cutting-edge and Oscillations that are unique to you are illustrated in this app. This application is solely for academic reasons on smartphones and tablets. It’s not meant to be used for diagnosing or treating anything. The Auscultation world app uses genuine patient records to deliver accurate heart sounds, rather than computations so that users can observe how actual individuals feel. The Software is meant as a rapid smartphone study for student nurses, residencies, academic staff, and practice doctors, and includes referencing signals, illustrations, and learning materials. In nursing and Medical organizations, the Auscultation app is also a great resource. The smartphone becomes a popular consumer stethoscope with this entertaining application for non-clinical applications. Heart sounds may be recorded, exhibited, and texted, making it a great opportunity for laypeople to listen to their hearts without having to use a stethoscope. Auscultation Of The Heart (Cardiac Auscultation) Cardiac auscultation is a painless, budget testing method for cardiac blood oxygenation and illness. However, with advancements in radiography and research projects, cardiac auscultation’s role in medical care is diminishing. Smartphones allow non-medical experts to do self-examinations before medical appointments. Cardiac auscultation is a common assessment that enables a doctor to evaluate a patient’s cardiovascular function. The ability to understand heart sounds is crucial during the diagnostic process and can only be acquired through proper instruction. Professionals are currently concerned about the decrease in cardiac auscultation capabilities, as well as the implications for accurate diagnosis and therapy. Auscultation world assists you in your journey of knowing cardiac auscultation properly along with your stethescope. Current cardiac auscultation training uses equipment that completes the diagnosis without using a stethoscope, limiting the amount of practice trainees get with it. Despite the diminished importance of stethoscope training, the stethoscope remains a piece of cost-effective equipment that is useful in a variety of examination circumstances. Lung Auscultation Description Lung auscultation with various mobile-designed sensors is viable in the healthcare setting, as it can document lung sounds with high resolution and effectively detect unexpected frequencies. What Is Auscultation And How Does It Help Students And Medical Professionals? The Auscultation world is a free educational resource for students and professional physicians who want to enhance their auscultation abilities. Accomplish 14 one-of-a-kind training regarding the important heart sounds. This is a simple software for medical professionals and healthcare providers. Doctors auscultate patients frequently, and it might be hard to determine which to listen for, which is why we created Auscultation world. It encompasses all of the sounds of the lung as well as their disease. You may listen to these sounds on the Application and be on the lookout for them in the reality. A Quiz part is also included in the program to keep you knowledgeable and constantly updated. Auscultation world was developed to meet the requirement for healthcare sound software. Utilizing our unique combination of heart and lung signals captured in actual patients, this software lets medical learners and health workers boost their auscultation techniques. Self-paced courses with respiratory and cardiac sounds, patient situations to develop your diagnostics reasoning, self-tests to evaluate one’s improvement, a sound resource, and more are included in the auscultation app. The software requires all of the physiologic and pathologic cardiac sounds, as well as interactive phonocardiograms to emphasize them. Referring to these brief audio recordings regularly will aid your learning. Auscultation App Has Several Advantages Over Other Similar Apps Auscultation applications help to train all your trainees on the technique of auscultation using lung sounds, cardiac sounds, and murmurs – many of which have been reviewed by professionals using images, such as echocardiograms whenever necessary. Enables teachers to educate and assess their students about heart flutter identification. Healthcare organizations, nurse practitioner training, and healthcare assistance initiatives have all accepted it. Auscultation Software focuses on providing your student’s association-related learning atmosphere all through training. Make your online classroom. Learners can download cardiac sounds from a broad selection of heart rhythms and murmurs. In practical sessions with faster solutions for everybody, evaluate students’ detection of heart murmurs. Suitable for face-to-face, internet, and simulation instruction.

Medical latest news Covid-19 Pandemic Not Over Yet!

Another outbreak of new COVID variant is likely this summer Pandemic is a word for diseases that remain dominant globally for years and pandemic not over yet is true. COVID-19 pandemic is one of the notorious pandemics well-known among the public. The main cause of this coronavirus pandemic is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This virus spread globally in the form of pandemics causing various health issues. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, fatigue, and respiratory symptoms. It transmits to other people by inhaling contaminated air with viruses. In addition, mutations occur over time to produce variants with an increased degree of infection level and virulence. Mutated viruses have a greater ability to infect people and cause disease. What are the different variants of Covid-19 discovered over time? Viruses have a defense mechanism in the form of mutations. Viruses undergo mutations to produce new variants to infect the previously vaccinated people. New variants of Covid-19 are resistant to the previous vaccines. In this way, viruses keep on producing mutated viruses to resist the vaccines. These mutated viruses appear as an outbreak globally due to which it is not wrong to say the pandemic is not over yet. There are different variants of Covid-19. Let us have a look at these variants. Alpha variant Beta variant Delta variant Gamma variant Lambda variant Mu variant Omicron variant How Covid-19 variants appear as a pandemic? Covid-19 is a rapidly transmitted virus among the public. It can be easily transferred from one person to another through contact. It can be transmitted through breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing, and touching the infected person. Moreover, the infection can occur over long distances. There is a more positive infection rate indoors and in public gatherings. Increased infection rate and virulence make this virus deadly. It may spread easily from one person to another. In this way, this virus appeared as an epidemic globally. Covid new variant outbreak It is a very rude statement that new Covid variants continue dominating one after the other. Newer variants continue to spread globally if precautions are not taken properly. The next variant pandemic is not a question of ‘if’. It is just about when it will happen. Newer variants continue to reproduce with increased mortality and morbidity rate. Recent researchers dictate that there may be an outbreak or any previous variant either Delta or Omicron variant. In addition, they also stated that newer variants of Covid-19 can also emerge in a pandemic form. Moreover, recent developed studies also suggest the presence of active coronavirus even the diagnostic tests decline the positivity rate. What are the modes of transmission for Covid-19 variants? The mode of transmission for Covid-19 is through direct, Indirect, or close contact with the infected person. Coronavirus can easily spread through infected secretions like saliva and respiratory secretions like mucus. These are some of the common ways through which coronavirus transmits to other people. Close contact with the infected person Through respiratory droplets which can stay for long in the air Airborne transmission Fomite (towels) transmission Feco-oral transmission Bloodborne transmission Mother to child transmission How to break the chain to prevent Covid-19 variants in pandemic form? A pandemic can only be managed by proper prevention and treatment. There is a special need to focus on precautionary measures to limit the spread of the virus. It is the need time to properly follow the preventive measure to break the chain of pandemics. There are some the precautionary measures to follow: Getting vaccinated Wearing a face mask in gatherings Staying at home Avoiding crowded places Maintaining social distancing of six feet Proper ventilation of indoor areas Washing hands properly Practicing good respiratory hygiene Avoid touching the nose, eyes, and mouth with dirty hands What is the available treatment for the Covid-19 pandemic? There is no such available treatment for the Covid-19 pandemic except prevention and vaccination. Vaccination also comes under the category of prevention. If you are properly vaccinated, there is very little chance to get infected by the virus. Antivirals like ritonavir can also be used to treat adult patients. Supportive care including fluid therapy and oxygen support is also provided to relieve symptoms. Plasma extracted from the recovered patients also shows efficacy against the treatment of Covid-19 variants. Do read: Vitamin D deficiency: Pandemic of the new era Conclusion Covid-19 variants continue to emerge over the period of time. It may be wrong to say that the Covid-19 pandemic is over. Viruses undergo mutation to produce infectious and resistant strains. The newer strains are resistant to previous vaccines and cause more severe infections. Once PCR or other testing methods decline the positivity rate, there may be chances of the emergence of newer variants. According to recent researchers, there may be an outbreak of a newer Covid-19 variant or Delta variant likely this summer. Newer developing studies also suggest the same data about the presence of the active coronavirus. There is a special need to break the chain to prevent the spread of pandemics. There must be a need for proper vaccination and booster shots to lower the transmission rate. In addition, preventive measures should be practiced to prevent the spread of the virus. Frequently asked questions (FAQs): Who is eligible for the booster dose? Individuals of age 12 or above who have completed their primary vaccination doses are eligible to receive the single booster dose. Can vaccinated people also get infected again? Yes, vaccinated people can also get infected again. Viruses undergo mutation and produce newer variants. Newer variants are resistant to previous medication and vaccination. There is a decreased chance, but they also can get infected. Should I be concerned about the newer variants of Covid-19? Newer variants are a reminder that the coronavirus pandemic is far from getting over. Covid-19 variants are easy to spread with an increased infection rate. As long as the virus spreads globally, there is an increased chance of mutation. It is, therefore, necessary to follow the precautions and get vaccinated when possible. Do Covid-19 vaccines effective against the newer variants of Covid-19? Covid-19 vaccines offer lower protection from infections against newer variants like Delta and Omicron variants. It is important to follow the precautions and decrease the spread of the virus. In this way, it lowers the chances for the viruses to muta

Medical latest report Monkeypox Outbreak

Monkeypox is a rare infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It is a double-stranded DNA zoonotic (animal to human transmission) virus. In addition, it induces a similar infection just like smallpox. Monkeypox virus indicates the orthopoxvirus genus. This genus also includes several other classes of viruses. These classes are the variola virus (smallpox virus), vaccinia virus (vaccine for smallpox), and cowpox virus. Monkeypox is a self-limited disease within a time span of about 2 to 4 weeks. In addition, it is transmitted from one to another due to close contact with the infected person’s secretion. These secretions are usually body fluids, contaminated materials, and respiratory droplets. Moreover, the monkeypox virus is common in remote areas of West and Central Africa. It may spread to other regions as well. Monkeypox Outbreak Data Human monkeypox first appeared in 1970 in Congo in a 9-year-old boy with the elimination of smallpox. From 1996 to 1997, the monkeypox virus was reported in the Congo with an increased attack rate than fatality ratio. After this, in 2017, Nigeria also experienced monkeypox on a larger scale with a fatality ratio of 3%. In 2003, a monkeypox outbreak in the United States of America was linked to the pet prairie dogs. Moreover, this monkeypox virus has been reported in several travelers from Nigeria to Israel, the United Kingdom, and Singapore. In May 2022, several cases of Monkeypox were reported in various non-endemic countries. On 19 may 2022, 38 cases of monkeypox were reported worldwide. There is a list of monkeypox case reports in various countries. Belgium – 2 cases of monkeypox France – 1 case of monkeypox Italy – 1 case of Monkeypox with 2 suspected cases Portugal – 14 cases of monkeypox with 20 suspected cases Spain – 7 cases of monkeypox Sweden – 1 case of monkeypox United Kingdom – 9 cases of monkeypox Canada – two cases of Monkeypox with additional 17 suspected cases United States – one confirmed case of monkeypox with one suspected case Australia – one case of monkeypox What are the symptoms of monkeypox? Monkeypox appears with the primary symptoms of fever, swelling, headache, and backache with pain in muscles. After this, pustules appear in the form of a rash starting from the face. The rash tends to spread to the extremities of the body. It is most common in the palms of the hand and soles of the feet. These pustules are itchy and extremely painful. In addition, these lesions pass through several stages from scab to a scar. There are several stages of lesions like macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, scabs, and ultimately scars. Moreover, monkeypox is similar to smallpox with a difference in swollen lymph nodes. This condition lasts for 2 to 4 weeks. Monkeypox is reported to cause death in 1 in every 10 monkeypox-infected persons in Africa. How can you get infected with the monkeypox virus? Monkeypox can transmit from one person to another very quickly. People can get infected with monkeypox due to close contact with the person or animal infected with the monkeypox virus. Moreover, the monkeypox virus can transmit from animals to humans through damaged skin lesions, bites or scratches, and direct contact with animals’ body secretions like blood or pox lesions. Monkeypox can also transfer from person to person contact as well. It occurs when a person comes in contact with the virus particles from the infected person. Virus particles spatter in the air when the infected person sneezes or coughs. Other people can inhale these tiny droplets. In this way, you may get an infection directly from the infected person. Moreover, you may get the infection by direct contact with contaminated materials like clothes, bedding, and other materials used by the infected persons. How can we diagnose the monkeypox virus? Monkeypox virus infection is rare in the human population. Your doctor may suspect the infection as a minor illness such as rash or chickenpox. But, swollen lymph nodes differentiate the monkeypox from other poxvirus infections. For proper diagnosis, your physician may take a tissue sample for biopsy purposes. Moreover, you may need to provide a blood sample to identify the virus and antibodies against the virus for the defense mechanism. In this way, the monkeypox virus can be diagnosed with proper management. How can we prevent monkeypox from spreading? Vaccination against smallpox can also protect from monkeypox infection. Prevention of monkeypox mainly depends on the decreased contact with the infected animals, person, and materials. Limiting the contact can help you to avoid transmission of the infection from one to another. There are some ways to prevent monkeypox infection. Avoid contacting the diseased or infected animals Avoid contact with the contaminated materials with the monkeypox virus-like clothes, towels, etc Wash your hands properly with some soap and water after contact with the infected animal or person. Cook the meat thoroughly to prevent infection Ensure using the personal protective equipment in the hospital Maintain the protective measures while handling the infected persons How to treat monkeypox infection? At this time, there is no such safer treatment available for monkeypox infection. Antivirals can help to limit the infection. But, there are no such studies available regarding the treatment of monkeypox. Your healthcare worker may relieve the symptoms only to relieve the infection. An adequate fluid supply with a proper diet can help to maintain nutritional status. Secondary infection should be treated aggressively. Besides this, prevention is the only cure available for the management of monkeypox infection. Conclusion Monkeypox infection is a rare disease that may spread from infected animals to humans through contact. Initially, minor symptoms like fever, body pain, and muscle ache appear. After this, rashes start to appear from the face to the upper and lower extremities of the body. This condition is severely painful. The only way to manage monkeypox is to prevent it. Avoid contacting the infected person or animal. Break the chain of contact to prevent the spread of monkeypox. Till now, no such confirmed medication is available for the monkeypox. Smallpox Vaccination may provide a little bit of protection from monkeypox. Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Is monkeypox infection more fatal than the other poxvirus infection? Monkeypox infection is milder than smallpox. Being a milder infection, it can be fatal in the human population. Monkeypox virus can cause death in 10% of cases. What is the mortality rate of monkeypox? According to the center for disease control and prevention, monkeypox causes the death of every 1 in 10 infected cases. Share

Medical latest report What is Nuclear Medicine? Is It Good or Bad?

Have you wondered what is nuclear medicine? If yes then continue reading this article. Nuclear medicine is a specific domain of radiology that utilizes trace amounts of radioactive pharmaceuticals. These radioactive materials are absorbed in various organs of the body. In this way, it helps to examine the normal function and structure of multiple organs. Nuclear medicine imaging also incorporates medicine and various other disciplines. This imaging technique helps to diagnose multiple malfunctions and progression of several malignancies. In addition, it also provides treatment modifications for these abnormalities. What is the mechanism of action for nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine utilizes radioactive substances. These radioactive substances are known as radionuclides. In addition, these radioactive isotopes are introduced into the body by the intravenous route. Different organs of the body absorb these radioactive isotopes in different amounts. These radioactive isotopes are unstable and emit gamma rays. Its distribution pattern is observed by the amount of radiation it radiates. In this way, these radioactive isotopes help determine the diagnosis, size, shape, and other diseases in the body. In addition, we can study the functioning of organs by a two-dimensional or three-dimensional scan. Moreover, these radioisotopes have a shorter half-life. Therefore, it decays completely within a shorter duration. What are the different radioactive isotopes used in nuclear medicine? There are several radioactive isotopes that are used in nuclear medicine to detect several abnormalities found in the human body. Let us have a look at these nuclear isotopes used for different diagnostic purposes. Technetium-99 is the most commonly used radioactive isotope in nuclear medicine. It is used for the detection of coronary artery disease. Iodine-131 radioactive isotope is used to reveal any abnormality in the thyroid gland structure and function. Carbon-14 is also used to diagnose metabolic abnormalities like diabetes mellitus, acromegaly, anemia, and gout. Therapeutic radioisotopes Besides diagnostic purposes, radioactive isotopes are also getting used for therapeutic purposes. They are also used for the treatment of several diseases. The most common purpose of these radioactive substances is their use in radiotherapy. They are used to destroy the cancerous cells to eliminate the disease. In addition, these isotopes emit radiation that is helpful for proper diagnosis. These are some of the common radioactive isotopes that are used to treat malignancies. Yttrium-90 is used for the management of malignancies, specifically Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and liver neoplasm. Iodine-131 is also used for the treatment of malignant thyroid cancers and other conditions like hyperthyroidism. Phosphorus-32 is used to control the excess of red blood cells in Polycythemia vera. What are the other common uses of nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine with imaging procedures is used to identify the structure of various organs.in addition, it also tells about the normal functioning of different bones, tissues, organs, and various systems of the body. There are different uses of nuclear medicine in adults and children. Let us have a detailed look at the uses of nuclear medicine. The uses of nuclear medicine in adults are as follows: Heart: Blood flow with associated perfusion scan Identify coronary artery disease and stenosis Detect the various abnormalities of the heart Help to provide prognosis before and after chemotherapy Evaluate the success rate of revascularization Lungs: Nuclear imaging scan for the identification of respiratory disorders Evaluate the normal functioning of the lungs Diagnose the condition after lung transplant rejection Bones: Identify the bone fractures, infection, metastatic bone disease, and tumors Help to assess the site for biopsy Brain: Diagnose various disorders related to brain-like seizures, dementia, neurological disorder, and blood flow disease Help to identify brain tumors, their recurrence rate, and the need for surgical or radiotherapy treatment planning The use of nuclear medicine in children is quite restricted as compared to adults. Moreover, there is a need for more care for children to get the desired benefits. There are some uses of nuclear medicine in children. Diagnose the esophageal reflux and motility disorders in children Assess the opening of the tear ducts and ventricular shunts in the brain Evaluate congenital heart disease for pulmonary blood flow What are the potential risks of using nuclear medicine? There are very minor side effects related to the dose of radioactive substances. As these are used in a very small quantity, it outweighs very low hazardous side effects. In addition, these radioactive isotopes may pose a very minor allergic response. Moreover, it is injected into the veins, so may cause slight pain. It rapidly resolved within a while. Contraindications to nuclear medicine Nuclear medicine is common for the treatment of tumors. But, there are some contraindications to nuclear medicine. These are as follows: Pregnant females- radiation act as a teratogen to cause damage to the fetus Women who are breastfeeding are contraindicated to the benefits of nuclear medicine. Conclusion Nuclear medicine is the most common domain of radiology. It uses different radioactive isotopes to identify the various abnormalities of the systems of the body. In addition, it also helps to treat various malignancies of the body. There are different isotopes that are useful to treat tumors of various organs. Moreover, it also helps to predict the prognosis of various treatments. Nuclear medicine offers great benefits for the health of human beings. Besides the benefits, nuclear isotopes also emit radiation. These radiations may pose health risks to various parents. In addition, some people may feel allergic to these radioactive isotopes. Over the counter, nuclear imaging is the most common practice in the medical field. The most common use of nuclear medicine is radiotherapy. In this way, nuclear medicine is helpful for patients with malignant tumors. Also Read: Harmful Effects of Radiation Frequently asked questions (FAQs) Is nuclear medicine among the safe practices? Yes, nuclear medicine is a safe practice. A very small amount of radioactive tracer is used during the scan. After some time, radioactive isotopes decay, emitting no more radiation. How much radiation is used for nuclear medicine imaging? A very small amount of radiation is used for imaging purposes. There is no such examined harm with these radiations. Is nuclear medicine safe for pregnant females? Radiations are not safe for pregnant females unless these radioactive isotopes are necessary for her to save a life. For such conditions, there is a special need to carefully evaluate the absorbed dose and the risk to the patient.

Cancer cure finally here? 100% successful results seen in trials

Cancer cure is the need of time from the beginning. Cancer cure was usually dependent on radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Patients undergo radiotherapy to kill cancerous and normal cells to stop the growth of cancer. These treatment regimes also pose several side effects to patients. In a recent drug trial on cancer patients, their cancer completely vanishes during the drug experiment. The doctors of the New York memorial Sloan Kettering cancer center did this small trial on cancer patients. They used a drug name dostarlimab (Jemperli) for six months. It is stated that there were 18 patients with rectal cancer who followed the drug for six months. As a result, cancerous cells were obliterated from all these patients. Dostarlimab: Dostarlimab is a drug produced by laboratory molecules. This drug acts as an antibody in the human body. It also works as programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) blocking monoclonal antibodies thus helps in cancer cure. In addition, dostarlimab is an FDA-approved drug for adults with mismatch repair deficient recurrent or advanced solid tumors. In a recent drug trial, doctors used this drug for the experiment’s purpose. As a result, cancer cells were no more in every patient. These cancer cells remain undetectable by physical exam, endoscopy, positron emission tomography scans, or MRI scans. Dr. Luis A. Diaz J. from the New York memorial Sloan Kettering cancer center states that this was the very first event to happen in the history of cancer. According to the New York Times, those 18 patients were previously involved in the clinical trial for previous treatment to completely remove their cancer cells. These previous treatments involve chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or minimal invasive surgery. These treatment regimens result in bowel, urinary, and sexual dysfunction. But after the recent clinical trial, they require no further treatment. Cancer cure seems to be finally possible. How does this drug work to treat cancerous cells? As we said earlier, this drug belongs to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This drug is in use as immunotherapy medicine. In addition, it not only works by directly killing the cancerous cells but also initiates the patient’s immune system to do the same work. Moreover, these drugs are in use for melanoma and other cancers for a while. But, it is not been a part of routine medical management for colorectal cancers What are the expected side effects of this drug? In this drug trial, surprisingly, no patient suffered from any adverse side effects at all. What was the status of cancer in these patients? These patients were suffering from colorectal cancer with a similar stage of cancer. Cancer was localized but advanced in the rectum without any metastasis to other organs. Now, the cancer researchers who reviewed this drug trial state that this cancer cure seems promising. But, it requires a larger scale trial to observe whether it will work for more patients or not. Conclusion: In a recent drug trial for cancer cure, a scientific miracle happened. A small group of 18 people undergoes this clinical trial of cancer treatment. They have to take a drug for six months to fulfill the treatment requirements. After the end of six months, their cancerous cells were completely obliterated by this drug. In addition, they did not suffer from any adverse reactions to this drug. People were having locally advanced rectal cancer with no metastasis. Doctors seem more promising about a larger-scale clinical trial of this drug. There is absolutely nothing more beautiful than this for a cancer survival patient.